High-mix packaging spends time on decisions that disappear in a catalogue cycle rate: identifying the next order, clearing the previous components, replenishing bins and approving the first finished pack. Count that work when comparing a manual bench with an assisted station. Faster sealing has limited value if operators wait for missing parts.
Start with the process guide to define the route from released kit list to accepted output. Separate incoming stock, active work, unresolved shortages and released kits. This makes the operating problem visible before a capital decision and gives operators a clear way to stop an incomplete order.
The cost guide uses the same boundary but asks which costs actually change. Compare paid hours and accepted kits over the same order mix. Record overtime, recovered capacity and cash savings separately. A bench improvement can be useful without creating an immediate payroll saving; a purchase decision should say which benefit the team expects.